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The Bijbehara Massacre refers to an incident that took place between unarmed Kashmiri protestors and the 74th Battalion Border Security Force (BSF) in the Indian administrated state of Jammu & Kashmir on October 22, 1993. The Indian Army was accused of arbitrarily firing on a crowd and killing 51 civilians in Bijbehara after protests erupted over the siege of the mosque in Hazratbal.〔official website of Rising Kashmir newspaper. http://www.risingkashmir.com/1993-bijbehara-massacre-when-playground-turned-into-graveyard/〕〔official website of Greater Kashmir newspaper. See also Greater Kashmir on Wikipedia. http://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/2008/Oct/22/october-22-1993-bijbehara-bloodbath-70.asp〕 India's official version of events, that its army acted in self-defence when fired upon by militants, was rejected by Human Rights Watch citing the 1993 U.S. Department of State country report on human rights in India which said, “Despite government claims that the security forces were ambushed by militants, only one BSF sub inspector was injured.” The number of reported dead and wounded vary by source. Amnesty International reported that at least 51 people died and 200 were wounded on that day, which included incidents in Srinagar and Bijbehara. The UN Refugee Agency reported 35 dead and about 76 wounded, citing news reports in ''The Times''. ''The Times of India'' which reported 37 dead.〔Siddharth Varadarajan and Manoj Joshi, (BSF record: Guilty are seldom punished ) The Times of India, India, April 21, 2002〕 The Indian government conducted two official enquiries and the National Human Rights Commission of India (NHRC) conducted a third. In March 1994 the government indicted the Border Security Force (BSF) for firing into the crowd "without provocation" and charged 13 BSF officers with murder. A nonpublic General Security Force Court trial conducted in 1996 led to their acquittal.〔 When the NHRC sought to examine the transcripts of the trials in order to satisfy itself that the BSF had made a genuine attempt to secure convictions, the Vajpayee government refused. The NHRC then moved the Supreme Court for a review.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=NHRC, Annual Report 1999-2000 )〕 In September 2000, the NHRC dismissed the case. On September 10, 2007 the Jammu and Kashmir High Court ordered the state government to pay restitution to the victims' families. ==Background== In October, 1993, the Indian army surrounded the Hazratbal Shrine, claiming that Kashmiri rebels, likely supported by Pakistan, were armed and occupying the shrine complex and had changed the locks. Over the preceding three years, insurgents in the Kashmir Valley had waged a rebellion against Indian rule. The Indian Army's siege of the holiest Muslim shrine in the Kashmir Valley reignited anger at India.〔 As the mosque crisis deepened, there were sporadic public demonstrations. Indian authorities imposed a curfew and positioned hundreds of troopers along the town's main streets. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bijbehara Massacre」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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